This We Believe
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Esselen Tribe of Monterey County
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ENGLISH-ESSELEN DICTIONARY
compiled by D.L. Shaul
English Esselen Comments abalone klachi able, be papia about xatam around, concerning a given topic above ausai x up ache, to tamakapa acorn palatsa x corn across a'ai afraid, be kia'elpa x to fear; anxious, be afternoon itsa again hulin agree huwa x assent; consent; permission, give against naxam x next to, beside, by ahead anemnno aim, to taloxpa airplane asumpapis alive powa all kominam alone sinuki along naxa already ya also hulin amiable owepas among naxano and lakai Anglo(s) matshaipa angry, be suxisa answer, to op'alpa x reply, to ant otsoipsha any ha'i x some apart anpeki x separate arise a'kxi arm(s) lulusax arrive lohoyisi around sikosura arrow lotos x bullet arrowhead kumalyes arroyo kuchun Arroyo Seco Kuchun as (postp.) tihak efexe tihak [as (in the capacity of) a human] as (while) (conj.) teipas neni teipas [while going] ascend, to yaxampa ashes tox ask, to kia'alpa x question, to at -no, hano iwano hano [at the house] aunt mechix avoid, to sasipi awake akxepaki baby panasis back to nemulam Nemulam ene nenilala. [I will not go back.] backbone chawisax backward nemunahi bad pachki badger machkasax badly pachwa bake, to ishpa x roast barn wakasiwa cf. cow barnacles halakal x mussels basket apitmakus cooking basket tsila water-tight basket shaka winnowing bathe, to lasapa x wash bay imilano sea be (certain way) opa Alam Johnno opa. [He is like John.] Alam saleki opa. [He is a good person.] be (equational) -k John exenoch-k. [John is a man.] be (exist, live) cha'a bear koltala animal beard iskoti beat sma beautiful loliki x pretty, handsome become espia bed, go to pokanisi before toyoxul (conj.) begin, to anamupa x start believe, to mechfa behind nemu x after belly iti'anax below (postp.) halas below (adv.) xuxuwai bend, to stala bet, to suiyuhu between na'ai beyond a'ai big yukiski bird chaphis birth, give aosapa black tumaski blanket ehepas bleed, to maxa'iyu blood maxana blow powa blue imitaski boat walkasux body mepxel boil, to pulpa boiling pulpul bone iya bothersome a'nix boulder yukishefe bow pakunax for arrows bottle ku'ux boy exepana bread tsewin break sanpekpa broken sanpeki breast shexosax breathe, to powama bring, to slaha brook chalola'si brother, younger xepna brother, older mi'its brother-in-law iwis brown matsaski brush, to wishpa x comb, rake, sweep building iwano bullet lotos bury, to efempa but (conj.) lakam buttocks hiskisi buy, to tu'i x purchase can papia canoe walkasax canteen ku'ux canyon kuchun car nenipis carry, to laha cats miskatas ceremony lelima certain way, be a opa Alam saleki opa. [S/he is a good person] chest shexosax chicken kayinipsha chief patama child pana claws (n.) uloxi clear xemelki distinct clearing ama'ene clearly xemelwa cloud(s) mech coals anax coat hitita cold sutuki come iya command tetelpa consist of lauya cook, to pulpa cottontail rabbit chisi cough, to poxwela country matsa count, to pekwalana cow wakas cowboy wakastaxau coyote machkas crayfish chawa creek chalola'si crime pachspa crow kakalu x raven cry, to shawa cure, to namoes cypress tsumir dance (n.) lelima dance (iv.) mefpa dark (adj.) alaki daughter sholeta day asatsa dead mohoki deer ami'sax descend tupxu desk mesa devil tumasachpa devilish, be hachoxpa die (v. sg.) moho die (v. pl.) chunepa distinct xemelki distinctly xemelwa dizzy timama dog shanasho dog shushu dog huchumas do, to sihapa dolphin pashishi done amumut (be ) don't an-(verb)-ke an'ampake [don't eat] door isanax dove shilik down(ward) xuxuwai dream, to pokohikpa [sleep-see] drink etsepa drunk timama dry anaselki during lamhoko eagle mahiwa ear tuxus earth matsa east ashiyaxa eat ampa eight kxulep-walanai eighty kxulep-walanai-tomoila elbow talanax end amu end, to amupa x finish, to enemy anawis equally ewakawa x even (equal) esteem, to taheiya evaluate, to sospa evaluation soski evening itsu evenly ewakawa excited xilaki exist cha'a exit yakalpa eye a'ha face awa faint, to teposhke fall, to xuxuma far kueno farting ekshuso'yi fasten, to nakinampa father aha'ya father-in-law lasha'u feel, to elpa x sense, to field ama'ene fifteen mamakelenai fifty pekmakx-tomoila find, to ta'a finger(s) tuchulis finished amumut (be ) fire anax fire, build a lushumpa fish (n.) kalul fish, to takdamapa five pekmakxala flea woxehawi flies mumirux insects flirt, to tihikpa float asumpa flour amuxe flow asumpa flower hi'i fly, to asumpa fly mumirux insect fog shanax food hamakshu foot kele forever ewaimitano forget manaleneipa forty kxamakx-tomoila four kxamakxus fourteen kxamakx-elenai friend iwis frog analaisax from -ta, hata iwano hata [from the house] front, in anemu gamble suiyuhu gasolene shikili {how about shikili-asanax} get up akxi girl sholeta, tapana give, to toxesa glad, be hilapa go, to neni go down tupxu go up yaxampa goal talox good saleki gopher tanani gossip, to malpa gossiper malpapisi grandfather exesax, metxi grandmother i'apa grass ami'chanax grass hopper polokoni gravel ilex gray toxski green ami'chaski grinding stone pama metate {concave}, BRM grinding stone kushe mano {convex} ground squirrel mexe guard, to taxaupa x keep gull sanaxan guts apxatsku hair, body haka hair, head xisi hand(s) xushu happy, be hilapa have samas hat pamuko hate, to ankolo have subject-no noun cha'a Ene-no iwana cha'a [I have a house] (A house is at me) hawk shekesipsha he a'lam head kxatasax headman patama healthy foi-la heart tikas heaven ot heavy putuki hell luchmatsa her (obj.) huniki her's anish here lai hide, animal tsekes hill ayola him huniki hip hiskisi his anish hit sma x beat hole imusa honor, to taheiya honorable las- prefix to noun hoof nenepasax horse (n.) kawai hot koxki house iwana how many?/much? konumis? however lakam humming bird umunipsha hungry, be mashaipa hunt, to takampa hunter takampis hurry, to shoshoyo hurt, to tamakapa husband exehawiki {nishexe*} I ene ice (n.) mis'uta if umasas ill anfoila in -no, hano iwano hano [in the house] in order to hekepa infant panasis intelligent elpa'pis intestines apkatsku into -nahi, hanahi iwano hanahi [into the house] it a'lam it na- hasma [hit it] {card semi-unintelligible} its anish jackrabbit samas join, to achepa joke, to tenimpa judge, to sospa judgement soski jug ku'ux jump, to xu'iyu juniper tsumir keep, to taxaupa kill ma knee talanax knife kumal knife, pocket xelusef lamprey ochololsa fish knows?, who machi? land matsa language welel large yakiski laugh a'ke leave, to yakalpa let's chili lie down pokanisi light (n.) xetsa light helelki colored light anputuki not heavy like, to taheiya like, be opa, John Harryno opa [John is like Harry] like, be -s-ki John Harry-s-ki [John is like Harry] likeable owepas x nice little ukxuski linnet (fish) sipuchan lips katusnax live, to cha'a x dwell, stay lizard memnen lobster chawa look, to sawu x watch look! apskule! lookout! lot, a mislaya love, to kolo machine sihapis made, be lauya make, to sihapa x do man exenoch man, old lalihesi mano kushe grinding stone {convex} married, be hawi married person hawiki me nicha meadow ama'ene meat tatsi metate pama grinding stone {concave} mist shanax money tinero moon tomanis'ashi [night sun] mortar pama BRM mosquito palaka mother che'e mother-in-law i-si-kis mountain polomo mountain lion xekes mouth ishi much mislaya mush tsewin mussels halakal x barnacles must momo my nish nails uloxi finger, toe name (n.) map named, be lepa near xatam neck wowel necklace amheni nephew tutsu nervous, be kia'elpa x uneasy, be never mantaki nice owepas niece tutsu night tomanis nine kxamakxus-walanai no ana none alepas (there is ) north sufuno nose hochis nostril(s) hoske not ma'ali Exenoch ma'ali ampa tatsi. [The man is not eating the meat.] nothing ana'i nuisance a'nix oak ha'as obey, to oloipa ocean imila oil shikili old man lalihesi old woman u'iyan one pek only efes, sinuki single or kes orange matsaski order tetelpa otter chichu otter, sea shushu'ipsha our lex owl chai paint, to (v.) chempa x draw, to particular sinuki paw(s) nenepasax pebbles ilex pelican yeyexim penis kawo perhaps kia x maybe perish (v.) chunepa person efexe, efe'xis pigeon shilik pine ixai plain yalax plants ami'chanax pole yuki'i wooden poorly pachwa porpoise pashishi pot sha'at x pan pray alpa pregnant salamaki probably miskia purify, to namoes put, to nompa x place, to; position, to put on, to eminapa eg: clothing, etc. quail kumul rabbit chisi, samas [cottontail, jack] raccoon shashlana rat makel rattlesnake tsetselkamaki raven ishka x crow ray of light ashi red maxanaski reed kapana relate humulpa to tell return, to exuepa, make river sanax roasting pan ishpasha'at rob, to xumapa robe ehepas rock shefe root ipimi, sheche grass roots used for basketry run, to shampa sad anhilapa be salamander mekelepsha saliva makola salmon kilinai salt makhalana sand ilex sardine tupur say, to alma x state, to scratch, to hashopa sea imila see hikpa seed(s) iyampas sell antu'i seven kxulak-walanai seventy kxulak-walanai-tomoila sexual intercourse chimasha shaman namoespis shark temech she a'lam ship waltasax shoot, to ukui shout shawa sick, be maka sin pachspa single sinuki sister ichi sing, to mawipa sister ichi sister-in-law (n.) imis {spelling?} sit down koso sitting, be kosoki six pek-walanai sixteen pekshish sixty pekwalanai-tomoila skin tsekes x peel, bark sky imita sleep poko sleep by the fire, to ishtolo sleepy, be atinia small ukxuski smart elpapis smoke (n.) chaha smoke (iv.) chahapa smoke (iv.) shuknaspa tobacco snake ispisiksha snow matsexo so that hekepa x because society pektin sole eskeli of foot somebody huiniki someone huiniki something hekei ei = long a sometime imasas somewhere keya son exepana, pana soul masianax south koxno speak alpa spear (n.) pawi spear, to pawimpa spine chawisax backbone spotted suhuki spouse hawiki squirrel he'ex stand, to itimpa star atimu, amutata* steal, to xumapa stick i'i stomach iti'anax stone ilex, shefe stream chalola'si stupid alexapa suffer, to tamakapa sun ashi sweat lodge matsa iwano [earth house] swordfish anaya'wa table mesa tail pawis take, to yukla take out, to ukushpa talk, to alpa tar shikili asphaltum target talox tell, to humulpa ten tomoila that aniki near that akala far their lax them lachi then nasi there haniki these iniwa they lach thigh(s) wekhe'e think, to loxma thirteen kxulep-elenai ai = long i thirty kxulep-tomoila this iniki those aniwa near those aneme far three kxulef p at end of word turns to f thus, be opa {thus?} tie, to nakinampa tired, be mawpa to (postp.) -pami, hapami iwana hapami [to the house] toad anafai tobacco ka'a today mashapa, in asatsano together pektin tongue welel tooth a'hur tortilla tswin tree lawis trough ishpa-sha'at trout talin true, be mantaxite truly efes tule kapana tuna koloicha twelve kxulak-elenai twenty pek-efexetes cf. efexe [human] two ulax un- an- uncle tsa'a under nalas underworld luchmatsa unfasten, to annakinampa unhappy ankilapa be ___ union pektin unity pektin unload, to ukushpa us lechi untie, to annakinampa until teipa valley yalax venison amitatsi vagina sixiha very mislaya virgin isamis wait, to taxosa wake someone up sakxe wake up akxepa walk, to nehipa water asanax we lech weep shawa well salewa west ashi-tupxu wet aselki whale chemepsha what kiakit when imitaniti then when when? imasas where keya where, to ketspam while (conj.) teipas neni teipas [while going] while tihak, lamhoko whiskers iskoti white heleski who kinia who knows? machi? why? kaskiak, katski wife tahawiki {nishta*} wildcat taloma wind (n.) powapisi window iwa'aha winnowing basket shaka with (by means of) -manu, hamanu i'i hamamu [with the stick] with (in the company of) -ma, hama exenoch hama [with the man] wolf hummux woman tanoch womb sixiha wood i'i word welel write, to (v.) chempa yellow ashiski yes ike yesterday lawa'ef you (sg. nom.) name you (sg. obj.) micha you (pl. nom.) namech you (pl. obj.) namechi your (sg.) mish your (pl.) namex {comments by hummux} * inserted by hummux
